Resiliencia en tiempos de pandemia: Un estudio longitudinal de los índices de sostenibilidad de la Bolsa Brasileña
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19094/contextus.2024.93488Palabras clave:
índices de sostenibilidad, Covid-19, mercados de capitales, cotización, BrasilResumen
Contextualización: La pandemia del COVID-19 ha sido una gran amenaza para la vida humana y la sociedad, con importantes repercusiones en los mercados de capitales. La originalidad y la importancia del estudio radican en la propuesta, aún no realizada, de evaluar el comportamiento longitudinal de la cotización de tres de los principales índices de sostenibilidad en la Bolsa de Valores de Brasil.
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio era analizar el comportamiento longitudinal de los índices de sostenibilidad de B3 S.A. antes, durante y después de COVID-19. Los índices estudiados fueron el Índice de Sostenibilidad Empresarial (ISE), el Índice de Eficiencia de Carbono (ICO2) y el Índice Great Place to Work (IGPTW). Los índices de sostenibilidad de la Bolsa brasileña evalúan y clasifican a las empresas en función de prácticas basadas en uno o varios pilares de la agenda sostenible, con vistas a promover inversiones responsables.
Método: La investigación fue de carácter descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo y una fuente de datos documental. La técnica utilizada fue el ANOVA de Medidas Repetidas (MR ANOVA).
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el precio de los tres índices a lo largo del tiempo analizado, confirmando así H1. Mientras que H2 se confirmó parcialmente, ya que el ISE y el IGPTW mostraron un rendimiento positivo al comparar el precio medio entre los periodos anterior y posterior a la pandemia.
Conclusiones: Un comportamiento superior en la cotización media de dos de los tres índices estudiados en el primer año de la pandemia en comparación con el periodo prepandémico, así como, en general, al considerar el análisis longitudinal de todo el periodo estudiado, puede demostrar una cierta resiliencia de los índices de sostenibilidad ante periodos de crisis.
Citas
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