Infecção pelo HIV em jovens: prevalência e fatores associados

Juliana Kelly Batista da Silva; Jamira Martins dos Santos; Renata Olívia Gadelha Romero; Luciana Maria Bernardo Nóbrega; Rodrigo Pinheiro Fernandes Queiroga; Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva Leadebal; Jordana de Almeida Nogueira

doi:10.15253/2175-6783.20232483018

Autores

Juliana Kelly Batista da Silva Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-2829
Jamira Martins dos Santos Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5605-2764
Renata Olívia Gadelha Romero Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-3764
Luciana Maria Bernardo Nóbrega Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1930-9764
Rodrigo Pinheiro Fernandes Queiroga Universidade Federal de Campina Grande https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6382
Oriana Deyze Correia Paiva Leadebal Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3342-8746
Jordana de Almeida Nogueira Universidade Federal da Paraíba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2673-0285

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20232483018

Palavras-chave:

Soroprevalência de HIV, Adolescente, Adulto joven, Comportamentos de Risco à Saúde, Estudos Transversais

Resumo

Objetivo: estimar a prevalência e fatores associados à infecção pelo Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) em jovens. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado em dois Centros de Testagem e Aconselhamento, com 279 jovens entre 15 e 24 anos. Realizou-se teste anti-HIV e aplicou-se instrumento estruturado. Empregaram-se análise bivariada e regressão logística com correção de Bonferroni para investigar a associação entre as variáveis e o desfecho sorológico. Resultados: a prevalência de HIV entre os jovens foi de 3,9% (Intervalo de confiança-IC95%: 1,0-10,1). A associação com o desfecho HIV mostrou-se estatisticamente significante entre jovens do sexo masculino (p=0,001), homossexuais (p<0,001), exposição sexual como motivo do teste (p=0,034), percepção de alto de risco de adquirir HIV (p=0,002) e prática de sexo anal (p=0,004). Jovens homossexuais (Odds ratio-OR=13,46; IC95%:1,14-15,84) e com percepção de alto risco de adquirir o HIV (OR=18,11; IC95%: 2,28-143,69) tiveram maiores chances de apresentarem resultado positivo para HIV. Conclusão: foi possível identificar a prevalência e fatores associados ao HIV em jovens. Contribuições para a prática: as informações geradas podem disponibilizar evidências aos formuladores de políticas, gestores e profissionais de saúde, e subsidiar a elaboração de estratégias que contemplem o aperfeiçoamento das ações de prevenção, coordenadas e ajustadas aos contextos comportamentais nos cenários estudados.

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