Risk assessment of falls in the elderly assisted in the Family Health Strategy

Maria Josenilda Félix Sousa Antunes; Matheus Figueiredo Nogueira; Arthur Alexandrino; Giovanna Gabrielly Custódio Macêdo; Ana Rafaella Araújo Costa; Waleska de Brito Nunes

doi:10.15253/2175-6783.20181932713

Authors

Maria Josenilda Félix Sousa Antunes Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7923-0594
Matheus Figueiredo Nogueira Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5787-7861
Arthur Alexandrino Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5817-4335
Giovanna Gabrielly Custódio Macêdo Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2365-0714
Ana Rafaella Araújo Costa Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-8704
Waleska de Brito Nunes Universidade Federal de Campina Grande http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3492-1380

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20181932713

Keywords:

Aged; Risk Factors; Accidental Falls; Primary Health Care.

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the risks, the occurrence and the factors associated with falls in the elderly assisted in the Family Health Strategy. Methods: descriptive, observational study carried out with 132 elderly assisted in the Family Health Strategy. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed by univariate and inferential exploratory statistics. Results: exposure of the elderly to risk factors for falls was significant, with dizziness/vertigo being the most evident among intrinsic factors, indicated by 73.3% of the participants. Regarding the extrinsic factors, the most important reported by the elderly were irregular floors (94.7%), stairs or unevenness of the floor (85.6%), and bathroom without support/bars (92.2%). Conclusion: the elderly are potentially vulnerable to falls, especially due to exposure to risk factors at home, as they have shown greater evidence when compared to factors related to aging itself.

References

Sardinha AHL, Cantanhedê NLC. Queda em idosos: avaliação dos fatores de risco. Rev Nurs [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Jun 16]; 21(240):2160-63. Available from: http://www.revistanursing.com.br/revistas/240-Maio2018/saude_idoso.pdf

Ministério da Saúde (BR). Estatuto do idoso. Brasília: Ministério da Saúde; 2003.

Miranda GMD, Mendes ACG, Silva ALA. Population aging in Brazil: current and future social challenges and consequences. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol. 2016; 19(3):507-19. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-98232016019.150140

United Nations. World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. New York: United Nations [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Jun 16]. Available from: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/publications/files/key_findings_wpp_2015.pdf

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (BR). Agência IBGE notícias. PNAD 2016: população idosa cresce 16,0% frente a 2012 e chega a 29,6 milhões [Internet]. 2017 [citado 2018 jun 16]. Disponível em: https://agenciadenoticias.ibge.gov.br/agencia-noticias/2013-agencia-de-noticias/releases/18263-pnad-2016-populacao-idosa-cresce-16-0-frente-a-2012-e-chega-a-29-6-milhoes.html

Vieira SKSF, Alves ELM, Fernandes MA, Martins MCC, Lago EC. Sociodemographic characteristics and morbidities among institutionalized elderly without cognitive decline. Rev Pesqui Cuid Fundam online. 2017; 9(4):1132-8. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2017.v9i4.1132-1138

Vitorino LM, Teixeira CAB, Vilas Boas EL, Pereira RL, Santos NO, Rozendo CA. Fear of falling in older adults living at home: associated factors. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2017; 51:e03215. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-220x2016223703215

Franklin TA, Santos HCS, Santos Junior JA, Vilela ABA. Characterization of service of a pre-hospital care service to older persons involved in fall. Rev Pesqui Cuid Fundam online. 2018; 10(1):62-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2018.v10i1.62-67

Smith AA, Silva AO, Rodrigues RAP, Moreira MASP, Nogueira JA, Tura LFR. Assessment of risk of falls in elderly living at home. Rev Latino-am Enfermagem. 2017; 25:e2754. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.0671.2754

Richardson RJ. Pesquisa social: métodos e técnicas. São Paulo: Atlas; 2017.

Cruz DT, Cruz FM, Chaoubah A, Leite ICG. Fatores associados a quedas recorrentes em uma coorte de idosos. Cad Saúde Coletiva. 2017; 25(4):475-82. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1414-462x201700040081

Vieira LS, Gomes AP, Bierhals IO, Farías-Antúnez S, Ribeiro CG, Miranda VIA, et al. Falls among older adults in the South of Brazil: prevalence and determinants. Rev Saúde Pública. 2018; 52(22):1-13. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000103

Araújo Neto AH, Patrício ACFA, Ferreira MAM, Rodrigues BFL, Santos TD, Rodrigues TDB, et al. Falls in institutionalized older adults: risks, consequences and antecedents. Rev Bras Enferm. 2017; 70(4):719-25. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0107

Carneiro JA, Cardoso RR, Durães MS, Guedes MCA, Santos FL, Costa FM, et al. Frailty in the elderly: prevalence and associated factors. Rev Bras Enferm. 2017; 70(4):747-52. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0633

Melo NCV, Ferreira MAM, Teixeira KMD. Condições de vida dos idosos no Brasil: uma análise a partir da renda e nível de escolaridade. Rev Bras Econ Domést [Internet]. 2014 [citado 2018 jun 16]; 25(1):4-19. Disponível em: https://www.oikos.ufv.br/index.php/oikos/article/download/154/182

Luzardo AR, Paula Júnior NF, Medeiros M, Lima LSB, Wolkers PCB, Santos SMA. Queda de idosos: desvelando situações de vulnerabilidade. Rev Min Enferm. 2017; 21:e-1025. doi: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.5935/1415-2762.20170035

Souza S, Camacho ACLF, Joaquim FL, Santo FHE. O planejamento do autocuidado para o cuidador de idosos: revisão integrativa. Rev Enferm UFPE on line [Internet]. 2016 [citado 2018 jun 14]; 10(5):1866-72. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufpe.br/revistas/revistaenfermagem/article/viewFile/13567/16357

Couto AM, Castro EAB, Caldas CP. Experiences to be a family caregiver of dependent elderly in the home environment. Rev Rene. 2016; 17(1):76-85. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.2016000100011

Bittencourt VLL, Graube SL, Stumm EMF, Battisti IDE, Loro MM, Winkelmann ER. Factors associated with the risk of falls in hospitalized adult patients. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2017; 51:e03237. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1980-220X2016037403237

Baixinho CRSL, Dixe MACR, Henriques MAP. Falls in long-term care institutions for elderly people: protocol validation. Rev Bras Enferm. 2017; 70(4):740-6. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0109