THE INDIVIDUAL LEARNING PROCESS ARISING FROM ERRORS COMMITTED BY MANAGERS IN NEW TECHNOLOGY-BASED FIRMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19094/contextus.v17i3.42748Keywords:
learning from errors; individual error; individual learning process from error; technology-based firmsAbstract
The purpose behind this article was to identify and analyse, in the context of technology-based firms, the process by which individual error was addressed and how its occurrence led to learning. Through a basic qualitative research study, nine managers were interviewed from Brazilian-based technology firms. The main results indicate that the situation-problem, in which the effects of errors are manifest, is established upon an important stage for error detection and correction. Also, a procedural path was outlined for individual learning from errors at work, which shows how the stages of error detection and correction articulate with elements that positively influence learning. Such perspectives imply that approaches to the phenomenon should consider that the effectiveness of learning from errors is dependent upon individual involvement in treating the problem.
References
BAUER, J.; MULDER, R. H. Modelling learning from errors in daily work. Learning in Health and Social Care, v. 6, p. 121-133, 2007, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-6861.2007.00150.x>.
BAUER, M. W. Análise de conteúdo clássica: uma revisão. In: BAUER, M. W.; GASKELL, G. (Ed.). Pesquisa qualitativa com texto, imagem e som: um manual prático. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2002.
BAUDOUIN, J. M. A competência e a questão da atividade: rumo a uma nova conceituação didática da formação. In: DILZ, J.; OLLAGNIER, E. (Org.). O enigma da competência em educação. Porto Alegre: Artmed, 2004.
CANNON, M. D.; EDMONDSON, A. C. Confronting failure: antecedents and consequences of shared beliefs about failure in organizational work groups. J. Organiz. Behav., v. 22, p. 161-177, 2001.
CRESWELL, J. W. Investigação qualitativa e projeto de pesquisa: escolhendo entre cinco abordagens. 3. ed. Porto Alegre: Penso, 2014.
DAHLIN, K. B.; CHUANG, Y. T.; ROULET, T. J. Opportunity, motivation and ability to learn from failures and errors: Review, synthesis, and the way forward. Academy of Management Annals, v. 12, n. 1, p. 252–277, 2017, <http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/annals.2016.0049>.
EDMONDSON, A. C. Learning from mistakes is easier said than done: group and organizational influences on the detection and correction of human error. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, v. 32, p. 5-32, 1996.
FRESE, M.; KEITH, N. Action errors, error management and learning in organizations. Annual Review of Psychology, v, 66, p. 661-687, 2015, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-010814-015205>.
GASKELL, G. Entrevistas individuais e grupais. In: BAUER, M. W.; GASKELL, G. (Ed.), Pesquisa qualitativa com texto, imagem e som: um manual prático. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2002.
GHARAIBEH, H. Project Team Learning, The Mystery Revealed. Journal of Organizational Learning & Leadership, v. 10, n. 2, p. 1-15, 2012.
GOODMAN, P. S.; RAMANUJAM, R.; CARROLL, J. S.; EDMONDSON, A. C.; HOFMANN, D. A.; SUTCLIFFE, K. M. Organizational errors: Directions for future research. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 31, p. 151-176, 2011, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2011.09.003>.
HARTEIS, C.; BAUER, B.; GRUBER, H. The culture of learning from mistakes: How employees handle mistakes in everyday work. International Journal of Educational Research, v. 47, p. 223-231, 2008, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2008.07.003
HOMSMA, G. J.; VAN DYCK, C.; DE GILDER, D.; KOOPMAN. P. L.; ELFRING. T. Learning from error: the influence of error incident characteristics. J. Bus. Res., v. 62, p. 115-122, 2009, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.12.003>.
ILLERIS, K. Uma compreensão abrangente sobre a aprendizagem humana. In: ILLERIS, K. (Org.). Teorias contemporâneas da aprendizagem. Porto Alegre: Penso, 2013.
KC, D.; STAATS, B. R.; GINO, F. Learning from My Success and from Others’ Failure: Evidence from Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery. Management Science, v. 59, n. 11, p. 2435-2449, 2013, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1720>.
KOLB, D. Experiential learning. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1984.
LEFRANÇOIS, G. R. Theories of human learning: what the professor said. Belmont: Cengage Learning, 2012.
LEI, Z., NAVEH, E.; NOVIKOV, Z. Errors in Organizations An Integrative Review via Level of Analysis, Temporal Dynamism, and Priority Lenses. Journal of Management, v. 42, n. 5, p. 1315-1343, 2016, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206316633745>.
LOCKETT, A.; WRIGHT, M. Resources, capabilities, risk capital and the creation of university spin-out companies. Research Policy, v. 4, n. 7, p. 1043-1057, 2005, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2005.05.006>.
LOVE, P. E. D.; JOSEPHSON, P. E. Role of error-recovery process in projects. Journal of Management in Engineering, v. 20, n. 2, p. 70-79, 2004.
MERRIAM, S. Qualitative research: a guide to design and implementation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2009.
OHLSSON, S. Learning from performance errors. Psychological Review, v. 103, n. 2, p. 241–262, 1996.
PERUSSI FILHO, S.; ESCRIVÃO FILHO, E.. Processo de criação de estratégia em pequenas empresas de base tecnológicas. Gestão & Produção, v. 19, n. 1, p. 173-188, 2012, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2012000100012>.
PUTZ, D.; SCHILLING, J.; KLUGE, A.; STANGENBERG, C. Measuring organizational learning from errors. Management Learning, v. 44, n. 5, p. 511-536, 2013, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350507612444391>.
REASON, J. Human Error. Cambridge: University Press, 1990.
RYBOWIAK, V.; GARST, H.; FRESE, M.; BATINIC, B. Error Orientation questionnaire (E. O. Q.): Reliability, validity, and different language equivalence. Journal of Organizational Behavior, v. 20, p. 527–547, 1999.
SASOU, K.; REASON, J. Team errors: Definitions and taxonomy. Reliability Eng. Sys. Safety, v. 65, p. 1-9, 1999.
SEBRAE – SERVIÇO BRASILEIRO DE APOIO ÀS MICRO- E PEQUENAS EMPRESAS. Sobrevivência das empresas no Brasil. Brasília: Autores, 2016.
TJOSVOLD, D.; YU, Z. Y.; HUI, C. Team learning from mistakes: The contribution of cooperative goals and problem-solving. Journal of Management Studies, v. 41, n. 7, p. 1223–1245, 2004.
VAN DER LINDEN, D.; SONNENTAG, S.; FRESE, M.; VAN DYCK, C. Exploration strategies, performance, and error consequences when learning a complex computer task. Behaviour & Information Technology, v. 20, n. 3, p. 189-198, 2001.
VAN DYCK, C.; FRESE, M.; BAER, M.; SONNENTAG, S. Organizational Error Management Culture and Its Impact on Performance: A Two-Study Replication. Journal of Applied Psychology, v. 90, n. 6, p. 1228-1240, 2005, <http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.6. 1228>.
ZHAO, B. Learning from errors: The role of context, emotion, and personality. Journal of Organizational Behavior, v. 32, n. 3, p. 435-463, 2011.
ZHAO, B.; OLIVERA, F. Error reporting in organizations. Academy of Management Review, v. 31, p. 1012–1030, 2006.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The authors, while doing the submission, accept the notice below:
We authors hold the copyright related to our paper and transfer Contextus journal the right for the first publication with a Creative Commons’ international license of the modality Attribution – Non-commercial 4.0, which in turn allows the paper to be shared providing that both the authorship and the journal’s right for initial release are acknowledged.
Furthermore, we are aware of our permission to take part in additional contracts independently for non-exclusive distribution of the version of our work published in this journal (e.g. publishing it in an institutional repository or as a book chapter), while acknowledging both the authorship and the journal’s initial publication.
We also certify that the paper is original and up to this date has not been released in any other journal, Brazilian or of another nationality, either in Portuguese or another language, as well as it has not been sent for simultaneous publication in other journals.
Last, we not only know that plagiarism is not tolerated by Contextus but also certify the paper presents the sources of passages from cited works, including those authored by ourselves.