Behaviour of soybean cultivars, at different sowing seasons, aiming to the production of biofuel

Abstract

The sowing season is defined by a set of environmental factors that react with each other and interact with the plant, thus affecting variations in production and other agronomic traits. This work was carried out to evaluate the behavior of 21 cultivars of commercial soybean, during different times, looking forward to the production of biofuel. Were conducted five essays in the 2008/09 agricultural year, being two of them in Palmas-TO and three in Gurupi-TO. The sowing in Gurupi-TO was in 03/12/08, 18/12/2008 and 05/01/2009,and in Palmas in 30/11/2009 and 16/12/2009. The experimental design was a randomized blocks with 21 treatments and three repetitions. The treatments were constituted on the cultivars P98Y70, M-SOY 8766RR, M-SOY 9144RR, BR/Emgopa 314, P98R91, P98Y51, M-SOY 9988RR, P99R01, M-SOY 8867RR, M-SOY 9056RR, M-SOY 8527RR, M-SOY 8360RR, FT ESPERANÇA, FTS 4188, CM 07, CM 017, CM 136, CM 149, CM 102, NIDERA A 7002 and M-SOY 9350. The following characteristics, were evoluated production of grains, oil content of the grain and oil yield. Significant differences were detected among cultivars, sowing season and cultivate x sowing season for all characteristics. The first planting time in Palmas (30/11) and Gurupi (03/12), were the most favorable to the development of cultivars. There was positive and significant association between oil yield and production of grains (R = 0.97). Higher temperatures and rainfall precipitation averages, during the phase of stuffing of grains, favored the oil accumulation in the grains. NIDERA A 7002, MSOY 9144RR, BR/Emgopa 314, P98Y51 and FTS 4188 were the best cultivars for oil content of the grain and oil yield.