The problem of objectification in the Critique of Pure Reason: from transcendental problematics to empirical realism
Keywords:
Empirical Realism. Transcendental Problematic. Critical Action.Abstract
The present work aims to reconstruct the meaning of critical action and its relationship with the domain of the transcendental problematic, as elaborated in the Critique of Pure Reason. To this end, we will make two moves: a) reestablish the necessary link between the adoption of
transcendental idealism and the achievement of empirical realism – which will be done by clarifying the criticism of the equivocal overlap between phenomenon, appearance and illusion; b) inscribe empirical realism as a solution to the problem of objectification in the Critique of Pure Reason due to the broad nature of the transcendental problematic – which will require an analysis of transcendental illusions as structural forms of disagreement between reason and itself. If, at first, we will have as a consequence the clarification that the resolution of the problem of objectification, as given by Kant, excludes from his Critique any possibility of a psychological or skeptical reading, in the second moment we will move the Critique away from the position of a mere precursor of positivism and a referentialist reading, which confers undue powers of objectification to empirical intuition.
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